Biotechnology & Environmental Protection

Biotechnology with respect to environmental protection has three levels of applications:

1. Clean up - e.g. clean up of oil spills and detoxification of contaminated soil; treatment of domestic and industrial waste water supplies.

2. Control - e.g. recovery of heavy toxic metals from mining water; use of enzymes rather than chlorine in pulp and paper manufacturing.

3. Protection - e.g. closed cycling practice at enzyme production plants implies that raw materials are renewable, and the waste material is a biodegradable sludge that can be used as a local fertilizer.

Reference
http://www.ied.edu.hk/esdweb/

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