Page 89 - EdUHK Annual Report 2016-2017

1 Signi cant accounting policies (Continued)
1.9 Accounts and other receivables
Accounts and other receivables are initially recognised at fair value and thereafter stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less allowance for impairment of doubtful debts. Impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts are recognised when there is objective evidence of impairment and are measured as
the difference between the carrying amount of the nancial asset and the estimated future cash ows, discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate where the effect of discounting is material. Objective evidence of impairment includes observable data that comes to the attention of the Group about events that have an impact on the asset’s estimated future cash ows such as signi cant nancial dif culty of the debtor.
Impairment losses for accounts receivable included within accounts receivable, deposits and prepayments whose recovery
is considered doubtful but not remote are recorded using an allowance account. When the Group is satis ed that recovery
is remote, the amount considered irrecoverable is written off against accounts receivable directly and any amounts held in the allowance account relating to that debt are reversed. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously charged to the allowance account are reversed against the allowance account. Other changes in
the allowance account and subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off directly are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income.
1.10 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other nancial institutions, and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insigni cant risk of changes in value, having been within three months of maturity at acquisition.
1.11 Accounts payable and accruals
Accounts payable and accruals are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently stated at amortised cost unless the effect of discounting would be immaterial, in which case they are stated at cost.
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1.9
主要會計政策概要 (續)
應收賬款及其他應收款
1.10
應收賬款及其他應收款先以公允價值確認，其 後則以實際利息法按攤銷成本及扣除呆賬撥 備計量。當有客觀證據證明本集團將無法按應 收款的條款收回所有款項時，需即時為該應收 款設定呆賬撥備。撥備金額為資產賬面金額與 以其初始確認計算的實際利率折現(如果折現 會造成重大的影響)的預計未來現金流量現值 兩者的差額計量。客觀的減值證據包括能被本 集團注意到可影響資產的預計未來現金流量的 事件，例如債務人出現嚴重的財務困難。
已計入應收賬款、按金及預付款項的減值虧損 (該應收賬款的可收回性被視為可疑，但並非完 全沒有可能收回)會採用備付賬來記錄。當本集 團認為收回的可能性極低時，被視為不可收回 的金額便會直接沖銷應收款，與該債務有關而 在備付賬內記錄的相關數額也會轉回。其後收 回早前計入備付賬的數額會在備付賬轉回。備 付賬的其他變動和其後收回早前直接沖銷的數 額均在全面收益表內確認。
現金及現金等價物
現金及現金等價物包括持有的現金、存放於銀 行及其他金融機構的活期存款，以及短期和高 流動性的投資。這些投資在沒有涉及重大價值 變動的風險下可以隨時轉算為已知數額的現 金，並在購入後三個月內到期。
Notes to the Financial Statements
THE EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG 香港教育大學
(Expressed in Hong Kong dollars unless otherwise stated)(除另有說明外，所有金額以港幣為單位)
財務報表附註
1.11 應付賬款及應計款項
應付賬款及應計款項先按公允價值確認，其後 按攤銷成本入賬; 但如折現影響並不重大，則 按成本入賬。
香港教育大學 2016-2017 年報 /
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