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Asia-Pacific Forum on Science
Learning and Teaching, Volume 5, Issue 1, Article 1 (Apr., 2004) Salih ÇEPNİ, Tuncay ÖZSEVGEÇ and Lale CERRAH Turkish middle school students'cognitive development levels in science
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Asia-Pacific Forum on Science
Learning and Teaching, Volume 5, Issue 1, Article 1 (Apr., 2004) Salih ÇEPNİ, Tuncay ÖZSEVGEÇ and Lale CERRAH Turkish middle school students'cognitive development levels in science
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Appendix
SCIENCE COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT TEST (SCDT)1- (Classificational reasoning): An airplane is flying in a straight line at a constant speed and it has energy. Which of the choice below similar with the airplane's energy?
A) A vehicle moving at a constant velocity on a motorway
B) A child skating on a ice pond
C) Water flowing down from high to low place
D) A man not moving
2- (Classificational reasoning): "An object takes equal distances in the equal time intervals"
"An object's velocity changes in the course of time"
According to this information, which of the following object hasn't acceleration?
A) A plane landing
B) A motorbike speeding up
C) A vehicle slowing down
D) A car with a steady velocity
3- (Classificational reasoning): Some forces affect our daily life such as; they can change objects’ shapes and move objects from one point to another. How do you categorize the statements below according to the influences of the forces on changing object shapes and moving objects?
I- Spring passing the flexibility limit
II- Magnet pulling up iron powders
III- A car moving upward
IV- Metal tablet flatten
A) I with III; II with IV B) I with IV; II with III
C) I with II; III with IV D) II, III and IV
4- (Seriational reasoning): The Car K, the Car L and the Car M take difference distances in different time and their velocities are VK, VL and VM. Which choice below makes a correct comparison among three cars' velocities?
Vehicle Way Time Velocity
K 20 m 10 sn VK
L 12 m 12 sn VL
M 10 m 8 sn VM
A) VM =VL>VK B) VK >VM>VL C) VL> M= VK D) VL >VK>VM
5- (Seriational reasoning): An object of mass m released from point A initially at rest. After passing between B-C has a frictional surface, it reaches the highest point D and then turns back again. VB, VC and VD are the objects' velocities in the points B, C and D; EA, EB and ED are the objects’ potential energies in the points A, B and D. Which choice below makes a correct comparison among velocities and potential energies?
A) VB>VC >VD B) VB =VD>VC C) VC> VB > VD D) VB >VC =VD
EB<ED<EA EA<EB<ED EB =EA< ED EB< EA=ED
6 – (Conservational reasoning): The picture shows a vehicle is balanced with two homogeny stretched springs at the points A and B. When one of the springs breaks off, the vehicle began to move. Which of the statements does explain this situation the best?
A) If forces are balanced, the vehicle moves
B) Whenever two equal opposite forces act on the vehicle, it doesn’t move
C) If the vehicle moves, forces do not balanced
D) A stretched spring moves all of the objects
7- (Conservational reasoning): An archer is putting his arrow on his arch and pulling back it. Then, he is shooting the arrow on the target. Which of the situation below occurs while the arrow reaches on the target? (Frictions are ignored)
A) When an arch is stretched, physically no work done
B) The total energy of the arrow at the end is bigger than the beginning time energy of the arrow.
C) The arrow energy doesn’t change during the distance
D) By stretching the arch some potential energy is gained, and this energy turns kinetic energy when the arrow began to move.
8- (Probability reasoning): Two horizontal forces in the same direction are acting on an object, which is on a horizontal frictional surface, and it is speeding up. Which choice(s) should be done to speed down the object’s velocity?
I-Less frictional surface should be chosen
II-The object’s weight should be reduced
III-An opposite force should be applied on the object
A) Only I B) I and II C) II and III D) Only III
9- (Probability reasoning): An object is originally at rest and began to move by the help of three forces. In this condition, which of the following statements about the forces are wrong?
I-Two forces may be in the same direction
II-All of the forces may be in the same direction
III-Net force is zero
A) Only I B) Only II C) Only III D) I- II
10- (Probability reasoning): Both a-4 Newton horizontal force and a-5 Newton horizontal force are acting on an object, but the directions of the forces are not known. According to this information, what is the possible range of the magnitude F for the net force acting on the object?
A) 1≤ F ≤ 4 B) 1 ≤ F ≤ 9 C) 4 ≤ F ≤ 5 D) 1 ≤ F ≤ 5
11- (Probability reasoning): A car can move at every direction on a horizontal or a vertical line. It is moving 20 meters positive direction and then turning back and moving 10 meters. Which of these pictures show the car’s moving?
A) A and D B) A and C
C) B and D D) All
12- (Probability reasoning): An object released from initially at rest at the point K and any information is not given about friction. Which of the dotted lines best show the trajectories that the object would follow after it leaves from the point L.
A) Only 1 B) Only 2 C) Only 3 D) All
13- (Proportional reasoning): If an object makes free falling from a height point, after 1, 2 and 3 seconds it takes 5, 20 and 45 meters respectively. After 4 seconds what meters does it take?
A) 55 m B) 70 m C) 80 m D) 95 m
14- (Combinaiorial reasoning): The Car A and Car B are moving parallel in the same direction. You make hypothesis that for a moment, the Car A's velocity is exceeding the Car B's velocity. Which of the following statements below are valid?
A) The car B takes more distance than the car A
B) The car A takes less distance than the car B
C) The instantaneous acceleration of the car A bigger than the car B
D) The instantaneous acceleration of the car B bigger than the car A
15- (Combinatorial reasoning): A swimmer starts to swim the point M with a first speed V. He also knows that the river flows with a speed V, but he hasn’t knowledge about direction of the river's flow. According to this information, at which points do the swimmer could reach to the other side?
A) A-K B) B-H C) D-F D) C-G
16- (Correlational reasoning): The pictures show three objects tied together with same rubber bands being pulled to right across a horizontal frictionless surface by a horizontal force F. All the objects have the same mass; all rubber bands obey Hooke's law, have the same equilibrium and the same force constant. Which one of these systems does move at first?
A) Only 1 B) 1 and 2 C) 2 and 3 D) All
17- (Correlational reasoning): An object's weight, height and gravity acceleration are given below.
Height Gravity Weight
10 meter 9.8 m/sn2 98 N
900 meter 9.6 m/sn2 96 N
840 meter 9.7 m/sn2 97 N
Which choice or choices below are correct?
I- When height goes up, weight goes up
II- Weight has a reverse proportion with the gravity
III- When height goes down, the gravity goes up
A) Only II B) Only III C) I and II D) II and III
18- (Controlling variables): The picture 1 shows movement of the object thrown from point L with a first speed V. It is passing from the frictional distance (LM) and reaching the highest point K. Then, it is turning back and stopping at point L.
In the picture II, if the object thrown from point K with a first speed V/2, where is it stop?
A) Between K- M B) M
C) L D) Between L- M
19- (Controlling variables): The picture shows an object's motion between points K-M and all the floors (K-N) have the same properties (no friction). After point M, which of these pictures show the object's motion between M and N?
20- (Hypothetical reasoning): If a horizontal force moves an object at rest on the frictional surface, what do you say about net force?
A) Net force is in the same direction with frictional force
B) The downward force doesn’t effect the resultant force
C) Net force is zero
D) Net force is bigger than frictional force
21- (Hypothetical reasoning): In the frictional surface, spherical and rectangular objects, which are have the same mass, released from at rest the highest point an the inclined ramp. At the end of inclined ramp, which of the object does firstly reach the down ramp? Explain your reasons.
22- (Hypothetical reasoning): When a force is applied to the flexible objects, it changes their shapes. After the force removing, they are turning back their old shapes. If there isn't any flexibility of objects, which challenges do, we come across our daily life? Give at least four examples.
Copyright (C) 2004 HKIEd APFSLT. Volume 5, Issue 1, Article 1 (Apr., 2004). All Rights Reserved.
