The effect of TPS and PBL learning models to the analytical ability of students in biology classroom

In this study, the influence of TPS and PBL toward students' analytical thinking skill empowerment was observed. The study results proclaimed that PBL was proven more effective in empowering students' analytical thinking compared to TPS. A string of learning activities conducted by the students in PBL class was able to empower their analytical thinking optimally.

Through this finding, the implementation of PBL in various other schools in Indonesia is highly recommended. Workshop to widely spread PBL needs to be implemented to familiarize the teachers of biology subject to PBL. Further study that investigates the empowerment level of PBL and other learning models should be promoted since the findings will certainly provide information on the advantage and disadvantage of PBL compared to other learning models. A study that observes the influence of PBL towards other thinking skills should be conducted as well in order for the teachers to know the advantage of implementing PBL in their learning process.

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank the United State Agency for International Development (USAID) for the training and mentoring support in writing this article, through the Sustainable Higher Education Research Alliance (SHARE) program for Universitas Indonesia's Scientific Modeling, Application, Research, and Training for City-Centered Innovation and Technology (SMART CITY) project.