The effect of analogy-based teaching on students' achievement and students' views about analogies

Achievement Test: It was prepared and developed by the researcher. It was implemented as pretest and posttest 30 items were implemented in the research and the items were four choices. 65 items were prepared totally and they were sent to experts to get their opinions. They made their decision and suggestions about base of question, the choices, content validity in the cases where the questions measured the success of students. After getting these recommendations, items of test was checked again, changed and 45 questions were created. The pilot study of test was applied for four classrooms which have 115 students. Item analysis was made at the end of this application. It was calculated item difficulty index (pj) and item separation power index (rb) were calculated for each item. The power of high separation was considered in the choice of items. And the items which had smaller than 0.21 points in separation power index were eliminated. They were corrected and included in test if they had 0.20-0.30 points in separation power index. If they had bigger than 0.30 points they were included directly in test. Thus, test form included 30 questions was created. Items of test were related to understanding, application and analyze level. KR-20 reliability of final test was found 0.79.

Analogy Opinion Scale (AOS): It was administered to collect the data. This scale was prepared taking into account of Doymuş, Şimşek and Bayrakçeken (2004). This scale which is applied in order to determine students’ views about analogies consists of three sections. The first section is consisted of a question which is asked to students in what level the analogies are useful. In the second section, the question which is graded from 1 to 5 defined using analogies useful, instructive, enjoyable, informative and stimulating. In the last section, there is open-ended question including students’ views about using analogies in the courses.