The effectiveness of using student and teacher centered analogies on the development of the students’ cognitive and affective skills

Achievement Test, Open-Ended Questions and Attitude toward Science Course Scale were administrated to collect the data.

Achievement Test: The success test was prepared to test subject knowledge of the topic. The success test was selected from various schoolbooks at the preparation stage and prepared by the researcher. The success test for which the opinions were taken from 3 Science teachers and 2 experts took final shape by means of reducing the questions which measure same knowledge and reducing to 30 based on the validity and reliability findings as a result of the pilot application. The reliability of the success test was 0.66 by means of ITEMAN statistics program.

Open-Ended Questions: The Open-Ended Questions were prepared for the purpose of measuring the concept, knowing levels of the students before the subject teaching and measuring the concept learning levels relating to the subject after the subject teaching process. The open end questions which were used in the study were prepared by the researcher according to the Science and Technology Course curriculum of the primary school schedule and passed through expert opinion. (a few examples from open-ended questions:1. What are the functions of the heart in human body? 2. What are the benefits of blood donations? 3. Please write that what you know about immune system.) In answering the open ended questions, the researcher attended the class and tried to explain the matters which could not be understood. The evaluation of the open end questions was performed according to the perception levels grouping which was developed by Abraham and his colleagues as used also by Bayram et al. (Bayram et al, 1997)..

Attitude Scale Toward Science Course: “Attitude Scale Toward Science Course” which is used in the present research was developed by Akinoglu (2001), and its reliability was determined as 0.89 (Akinoglu, 2001).