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Asia-Pacific Forum
on Science Learning and Teaching, Volume 12, Issue 2, Article 14 (Dec., 2011) |
The present study investigates the relation between students’ internet usage levels and their genders, current classes, graduated high schools, educational background of fathers- mothers, and their knowledge levels related to the technological communication and imaging devices mentioned.
Table II. Variations in internet usage according to gender, current grade, and former high school of physics students.
Internet usage
Total
χ2 Test
yes
no
Gender
Male
f
119
10
129
χ2 = .294,
sd =1,
p= .588
%
65.4
58.8
64.8
Female
f
63
7
70
%
34.6
41.2
35.2
Class
1.class
f
51
7
58
χ2 = 3.562,
sd=3,
p= .313
%
28.0
41.2
29.1
2. class
f
36
5
41
%
19.8
29.4
20.6
3. class
f
54
2
56
%
29.7
11.8
28.1
4.class
f
41
3
44
%
22.5
17.6
22.1
Graduated High School
Private
f
9
-
9
χ2 = 2.972,
sd=7,
p= .888
%
4.9
-
4.5
State
f
132
15
147
%
72.5
88.2
73.9
Anatolian
f
24
2
26
%
13.2
11.8
13.1
Vocational
f
1
-
1
%
.5
-
.5
Trade and Vocational.
f
2
-
2
%
1.1
-
1.0
Science
f
6
-
6
%
3.3
-
3.0
Religious Vocational
f
7
-
7
%
3.8
-
3.5
Others
f
1
-
1
%
.5
-
.5
According to the data in Table II, there is no significant relation (χ2 = 0.294; sd =1; p = 0.588 > 0.05 ) between students’ internet usage and gender as well as (χ2 = 3.562; sd=3; p = 0.313 >0.05) between their current classes. Moreover no significant relation (χ2 = 2.972; sd=7; p= 0.888 >0.05) was seen between internet usage and type of high school graduated from. The relation between the educational background of fathers and mothers of physics department students and their internet usage is given in Table III.
Table III. The relation between the educational background of fathers and mothers of physics department students and their internet usage.
Internet Usage
Total
χ2 Test
Yes
No
Father’s Educational Background
Primary
f
77
5
82
χ2 = 7.949,
sd=4,
p= .093
%
42.3
29.4
41.2
Secondary
f
24
4
28
%
13.2
23.5
14.1
High school
f
48
6
54
%
26.4
35.3
27.1
Graduate
f
32
1
33
%
17.6
5.9
16.6
Post graduate
f
1
1
2
%
.5
5.9
1.0
Mother’s Educational Background
Primary
f
130
12
142
χ2 = 2.208,
sd=3,
p= .530
%
71.4
70.6
71.4
Secondary
f
21
3
24
%
11.5
17.6
12.1
High school
f
27
1
28
%
14.8
5.9
14.1
Graduate
f
4
1
4
%
2.2
5.9
2.5
Postgraduate
f
-
-
-
%
-
-
-
The results of the χ2 analyses, carried out in order to determine the relation between educational background of fathers and their internet usage, revealed no statistically significant relation between these two (χ2 = 7.949; sd=4; p = 0.093 >0.05). However, it can be seen that 41.2% (82) of physics department students’ fathers were graduated from primary school whereas only 1% (2) was a postgraduate. No statistically significant relation was found between the educational background of physic students’ mothers and their internet usage. 71.4% (142) of their mothers who were graduated from primary school while 2.5% (5) of them were graduated from high school and none was postgraduate according to the data presented in Table III.
The relation between physics department students’ internet usage and mobile phone possession years is given in Table IV.
Table IV. The relation between physics department students’ internet usage and years of mobile phone possession
Possession of a mobile phone for
Total
χ2 Test
1-3 years
3-5 years
5-7 years
More than 7
Internet usage
Yes
f
23
70
62
27
182
χ2 = 4.071,
sd=3,
p= .254%
12.6
38.5
34.1
14.8
100.0
No
f
3
10
3
1
17
%
17.6
58.8
17.6
5.9
100.0
Total
f
26
80
65
28
199
%
13.1
40.2
32.7
14.1
100.0
As a result of χ2 analysis from the data given in Table IV, carried out in order to determine the relation between physics department students internet usage and years of mobile phone possession , it can be seen that there is no statistically significant relation between these tow entities (χ2 = 4.071; sd=3; p = 0.254 >0.05 ).
Table V presents the relation between physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted in wired telephones?” and their internet usage.
Table V. The relation between physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted in wired telephones?” and their internet usage
Kind of wave transmitted in wired telephones
Total
χ2 Test
Sound wave
Light wave
Electrical signal
Internet usage
Yes
f
64
9
109
182
χ2 = .151,
sd=1,
p= .698%
35.2
4.9
59.9
100.0
No
f
5
1
11
17
%
29.4
5.9
64.7
100.0
Total
f
69
10
120
199
%
34.7
5.0
60.3
100.0
According to the data given in Table V, more than half of the physics department students who use and do not use internet answered the question correctly. 34.7% of students supposed that this transmitted wave was sound wave. As a result of χ2 analysis, carried out in order to determine the relation between internet usage and their correct/wrong answers to the question “What is the wave transmitted in wired telephones?”, there was no significant relation(χ2 = 0.151; sd=1; p = 0.698 >0.05 ).
Table VI shows the relation between physics students’ internet usage and their answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted in mobile phones?”
Table VI. The relation between physics students’ internet usage and their answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted in mobile phones?”
Kind of wave transmitted in mobile phones
Total
χ2 Test
Sound wave
Light wave
Radio wave
Internet usage
Yes
f
44
8
130
182
χ2 = 6.634,
sd=1,
p= .010%
24.2
4.4
71.4
100.0
No
f
9
1
7
17
%
52.9
5.9
41.2
100.0
Total
f
53
9
137
199
%
26.6
4.5
68.8
100.0
The analyses of the data in Table VI show that 68.8% of the students answered the question correctly by stating radio waves. However, a 26.6% statement of sound waves is worrying. As a result of χ2 analysis, carried out in order to determine the relation between physics department students internet usage and their correct and false answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted in mobile phones?”, no significant relation was found between them (χ2 =6.634; sd=1; p = 0.010 <0.05 ). According to this result, it can be concluded that internet usage positively affected the rate of correct answers of students to this question
Table VII presents the relation between physics department students’ answers to the question “What kind of a wave transmitted in fiber optic cables?” and their internet usage.
Table VII. The relation between physics department students’ answers to the question “What kind of a wave transmitted in fiber optic cables?” and their internet usage.
Kind of wave transmitted in fiber optic cables
Total
χ2 Test
Sound wave
Light wave
Radio wave
Internet usage
Yes
f
10
110
62
182
χ2 = 3.179,
sd=1,
p= .075%
5.5
60.4
34.1
100.0
No
f
14
3
17
%
82.4
17.6
100.0
Total
f
10
124
65
199
%
5.0
62.3
32.7
100.0
According to Table VII, on analyzing physics department students’ answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted in fiber optic cables?” it can be seen that 62.3% of students answered the question correctly by stating that it was a light wave. As a result of χ2 analysis, carried out in order to determine the relation between physics department students internet usage and their answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted in fiber optic cables?”, no statistically significant relation was seen between them (χ2 =3.179; sd=1; p = 0.075 >0.05).
Table VIII presents the relation between physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted to human tissue by ultrasonography devices?” and their internet usage.
Table VIII. The relation between physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave transmitted to human tissue by ultrasonography devices?” and their internet usage
Kind of wave used in Ultasonography
Total
χ2 Test
Ultrasound
Light wave
X-ray
Internet usage
Yes
f
62
50
70
182
χ2 = 2.414,
sd=1,
p= .120%
34.1
27.4
38.5
100.0
No
f
9
2
6
17
%
52.9
11.8
35.3
100.0
Total
f
71
52
76
199
%
35.7
26.1
38.2
100.0
According to Table VIII, when the answers of physics department students to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted to human tissue by ultrasonography devices?” is investigated, it can be seen that 35.7% of the students knew the answer as ultrasound. However, the majority of the participants did not know the operation principle of ultrasonography device. The result of ?2 analysis, conducted to determine the relation between internet usage of physics department students and their answers to the question “What kind of a wave is transmitted to human tissue with the ultrasonography devices?”, indicated no significant relation between them (χ2 =2.414; sd=1; p = 0.120 >0.05).
Table IX shows the relation between physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave or ray used in computed tomography device?” and their internet usage.
Table IX. The relation between physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave or ray used in computed tomography devices?” and their internet
Kind of wave/ ray used in computed tomography devices
Total
χ2 Test
Light wave
Gama ray
Radio wave
X-ray
Internet usage
Yes
f
14
29
22
117
182
χ2 = .001,
sd=1,
p= .972%
7.7
15.9
12.1
64.3
100.0
No
f
3
3
11
17
%
17.6
17.6
64.7
100.0
Total
f
17
32
22
128
199
%
8.5
16.1
11.1
64.3
100.0
When physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave or ray is used in computed tomography devices?” are investigated, as in Table IX , it can be seen that 64.3% of the students, regardless of their internet usage, answered the question correctly by choosing X-ray. As a result of χ2 analysis, carried out to determine the relation between physics department students internet usage and their answers to the question “What kind of a wave or ray is used in computed tomography device?”, there can no significant relation be seen (χ2 =,001; sd=1; p = 0.972 >0.05).
Table X shows the relation between physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave or ray is used in MR devices?” and their internet usage.
Table X. The relation between physics department students answers to the question “What kind of a wave or ray is used in MR devices?” and their internet usage
Kind of wave/ ray used in MR devices
Total
χ2 Test
Light wave
Gama ray
Radio wave
X-ray
Internet usage
Yes
f
12
19
40
111
182
χ2 = .491,
sd=1,
p= .483%
6.6
10.4
22.0
61.0
100.0
No
f
3
5
9
17
%
17.6
29.4
52.9
100.0
Total
f
12
22
45
120
199
%
6.0
11.1
22.6
60.3
100.0
According to Table X, only 22.6% of the students could provide the right answer to the question “What kind of a wave or ray is used in MR devices?” the question correctly by saying radio wave. The majority of the participants; however, could not provide the right answer to the operation principles of this device. The χ2 analysis, conducted to determine the relation between physics department students internet usage and their answers to the question “What kind of a wave or ray used in MR devices?”, yielded results indicating no significant relation between them (χ2 =0.491; sd=1; p = 0.483 >0.05).
Copyright (C) 2011 HKIEd APFSLT. Volume 12, Issue 2, Article 14 (Dec., 2011). All Rights Reserved.
