Using laboratory activities enhanced with concept cartoons to support progression in students’ understanding of acid-base concepts

Appendix 1

The final version of the ABAT ((*): Asterisk indicates correct answer)

1. Which one of the following statements about acids is correct?

a. Acids have bubbles

b. All species producing an acidic solution with water contain H atom in the formulas

c. Some weak acids can be tasted (*)

d. Acids melt and destroy everything

2. Which one of the following statements does define the concept of ACID the most correctly?

a. If a species contains H in its formula and can give it to water, it is an acid

b. If a species increases the amount of H ⁺ ion when it dissolves in water, it is an acid (*)

c. If a species increases the amount of OH ^– ion when it dissolves in water, it is an acid

d. If a species melts and destroys everything, it is an acid

3. Which one of the following statements about the properties of some species used in daily life is wrong?

a. Orange juice are sour in taste

b. Window cleaners are soapy to touch

c. Solution of the sugar is basic (*)

d. The unripe apple is acidic

4. Which one of the following statements related to acids, bases and salts is incorrect?

a. Acids are sour in taste, bases are bitter in taste

b. Substance which are neither acidic nor basic are called neutral

c. Acids turn blue litmus red and bases turn red litmus blue

d. All of the salt solutions are neutral (*)

5. What kinds of beakers should be used to store acidic solutions such as lemon juice and vinegar?

a. Beakers made of iron

b. Beakers made of glass (*)

c. Beakers made of zinc

d. Beakers made of aluminum

6. Which one of the following statements does define the concept of BASE the most correctly?

a. If a species contains OH in its formula and can give it to water, it is a base

b. Bases are the matters that are composed of acids

c. If a species increases the amount of OH ^– ion when it dissolves in water, it is a base (*)

d. Species that can be used as household chemicals are bases

7. Which one of the following reactions is a neutralization reaction?

a. KOH + HCI → NaCI + H₂O (*)

b. Ca + 2HCI → CaCI₂ + H₂

c. CO + ½ O₂ → CO₂

d. NaOH → Na⁺ + OH ^–

8. Which one of the following statements related to acids and bases is correct?

a. While acids are poisonous and harmful, bases are harmless

b. Acids burn and melt everything

c. Aqueous solutions of bases conduct electricity (*)

d. If we mix an acid with a base, a neutral solution occurs every time

9. Suppose that each of the following solutions is separately put into the beaker in adjacent figure. Which one will not light the bulb?

a. Lemon juice b. Soap solution

c. Solution of table salt d. Alcoholic water (*)

10. I. Solution K do not conduct electricity

II. Solution L turns red litmus blue

III. Solution M produces bubbles when it contacts a piece of metal

If you consider the given information, which of the below solutions can be K, L and M solutions?

	K	L	M
a.	Sugar solution	Lemon juice	Vinegar
b.	Salt solution	Soap solution	Vinegar
c.	Distilled water	Vinegar	Soap solution
d.	Distilled water	Soap solution	Lemon juice (*)

11. Which one of the following species should be used for rubbing the skin to decrease the effect of the sting of a honeybee?

a. Lemon juice b. Vinegar c. Soap solution (*) d. Unripe apple juice

12. pH values of some solutions are given in adjacent table. If you consider the given information, which of the below solutions can be X, Y and Z solutions?						X	Y	Z
					pH	4	7	11
		X	Y	Z
	a.	Salt solution	Vinegar	Lemon juice
	b.	Lemon juice	Salt solution	Ammonia (*)
	c.	Soap solution	Salt solution	Ammonia
	d.	Vinegar	Ammonia	Lemon juice

13. Which one of the following statements is the most correct regarding acids?

a. All acids are poisonous

b. All strong acids cannot dissociate in water

c. An aqueous solution of acid can highly conduct electricity (*)

d. A strong acid can react with metal to produce more bubbles than a weak acid

14. In an aqueous solution, it is determined that the amount of H ⁺ ions is less than the amount of OH ^– ions. Which one(s) of the following statements is/are correct for this solution?

I. It is basic II. It is acidic

III. It conducts electricity IV. It turns blue litmus red

a. I and III (*) b. II and IV c. I, III and IV d. II, III and IV

15. Which one(s) of the following statements about the pH values of acidic or basic matters used in daily life is/are wrong?

	Matter	pH value
I.	Vinegar	3
II.	Bread	9
III.	Apple	4
IV.	Milk	12

a. II and IV (*) b. II and IIII c. I, II and III d. II, III and IV

16.

Which one of the beakers has reaction when the species are mixed as seen in figure?

a. Only I b. Only II c. Both I and II d. Both II and III (*)

17.

Which one of the below views is incorrect related to solutions found in above beakers?

a. The solution found in beaker I is acidic (*)

b. pH value of the solution found in beaker III is equal to 7

c. Acidity of the solution found in beaker II is the greatest

d. The reaction between solution I and solution III forms salt and water

18.

Which one of the following statements about the plants given pH values is wrong?

a. The potato is the most acidic one

b. The grape is more acidic than the apple (*)

c. The mint shows basic property

d. The apple is more acidic than the mint

19. Which one of the following statements is the most correct regarding bases?

a. Base is highly soluble in water

b. All bases are corrosive

c. Compounds that do not contain OH can also be basic (*)

d. Aqueous solutions of bases cannot conduct electricity

20. Which one of the following statements is absolutely correct for a solution if the pH value of it is less than 7?

a. It is a salt solution

b. It is a basic solution

c. It is an acidic solution (*)

d. It is a neutral solution

21. There are some aqueous solutions of a base in two separate beakers. If we add some aqueous solution of HCI into the beaker I and some water into the beaker II like adjacent figure, what can be said about the basicity of the solutions in beaker I and II?

a. Basicity decreases in both beakers (*)

b. Basicity increases in beaker I, decreases in beaker II

c. Basicity decreases in beaker I, increases in beaker II

d. Basicity decreases in beaker I, does not change in beaker II

22. Which one of the following statements is incorrect for acidic solutions?

a. Acidic solutions conduct electricity

b. Acidic solutions turn blue litmus red

c. Acidic solutions are soapy to touch (*)

d. Acidic solutions react with basic solutions to give salt and water

23. We know that acids turn blue litmus red and bases turn red litmus blue. If a piece of blue litmus is plunged into the following solutions separately, what can be said the color of the litmus paper?

	Soap solution	Vinegar	Lemon juice	Soda water
a.	Red	Blue	Blue	Blue
b.	Blue	Blue	Blue	Red
c.	Red	Red	Blue	Blue
d.	Red	Blue	Blue	Red (*)

24. Plants do not grow well when the soil is either too acidic or too basic. What do you suggest the farmer to do if the soil is too acidic?

a. He should add salt to soil

b. He should add slaked lime to soil (*)

c. He should add water to soil

d. He should fallow the soil

25. I. It reacts with some metals to give bubbles

II. Aqueous solution of it conducts electricity

III. It turns red litmus blue

Which one(s) of the above statements is/ are correct for basic solutions?

a. Only I b. Only II c. Both I and III d. Both II and III (*)

Appendix 2

(Worksheet A): Let’s Diagnose Acidic and Basic Properties of Matters

A group of researchers investigates acids and bases and they share collected data with each other. In your view which of the data is correct? Please explain why you think like this.

adsız Please check your ideas by making activities in below

Please be careful while using acids and bases. Open the faucet and pour the acid on water while pouring the waste acid into the sink. Wash all over the skin with plenty of water if acid contacts with skin .

Required Equipment and Substances:

14 test tube, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, water, red and blue litmus, dropping pipette, phenol phatelyn, soapsuds, lemon juice, vinegar, toothpaste, bleach, red cabbage

Procedure:

❀ Please put both red and blue litmus into the liquids found in the test tubes, separately. Watch the color change of litmus and fill on the below table.

Substances	Litmus		Phenol phatelyn	Taste (*)	Red cabbage	Slippery feel
Substances	Blue	Red	Phenol phatelyn	Taste (*)	Red cabbage	Slippery feel
Hydrochloric acid*
Sodium hydroxide*
Bleach*
Lemon juice
Vinegar
Toothpaste
Soap solution

ATTENTION: Do not taste the substances with asterisk, absolutely

v Add a few drop phenol phatelyn into the solutions found in the test tubes. Watch the color change of litmus and fill in the table.

v Taste the lemon, vinegar, soapsuds and diluted toothpaste and fill in the table.

v Test the slippery feel of the substances by touching except hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide and fill in the table.

v Mince and crush the red cabbage and heat a few minutes by adding some water. Filter the solution and cool. Repeat the same procedure made by litmus and phenol phatelyn for red cabbage solution.

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Is there any difference between your ideas before and after these activities? Which of the researchers is straight with us? Write your opinions in detail.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

If the following substances spoke, what would they say about their acidity or basicity?

Write some acidic and basic substances, which we use in daily life for, eat and drink.